📋 Symbols & Notes
- T.O.S.: Top of Steel
- T.O.F.: Top of Footing
- Typ: Typical condition
- NTS: Not to Scale
- Conc: Concrete
Test: What does T.O.S. usually mean?
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🏗️ S-Plan Structural Cheat Sheet
Learn how to read symbols, grids, foundations, framing, rebar, schedules, and details on structural drawings.
📐 Structural Grid
Structural drawings use a grid (letters one way, numbers the other) to locate columns, walls, and dimensions.
- Columns located by intersection (e.g., C-4)
- Dimensions measured between gridlines
- Grid ties architectural & structural drawings together
Test: Where would you find column "B-3"?
🏛️ Foundation Plans
- Footing callout: 24″×24″×12″ conc footing
- Pier detail bubble: see section for rebar cage
- Slab reinforcement: #4 @ 12″ EW T&B
Test: A callout “30×30×12 FDN w/ 4-#5 cont.” means?
🪵 Framing Plans
- Steel beams labeled “W12×26” → wide-flange, 12″ deep, 26 lb/ft
- Wood beams: PSL, LVL, Glulam with size tags
- Joist layout shown with spans and bearing
Test: What does “W12×26” mean?
🔗 Rebar & Reinforcement
- #4 bar = 1/2″ diameter
- “#4 @ 12″ EW T&B” = #4 bars at 12″ each way, top & bottom
- Lap splice = 40×bar dia (e.g., #4 → 20″)
Test: What does “#5 @ 12″ EW” mean?
📑 Structural Schedules
Schedules list size, material, and capacity:
- Beam Schedule: W12×26, W14×43, etc.
- Column Schedule: HSS6×6, 12″×12″ conc
- Rebar Schedule: lists bar marks, lengths
Test: Which beam carries more load: W12×26 or W12×40?
📐 Sections & Details
- Detail bubble: “3/S3.2” = detail 3 on sheet S3.2
- Used for connections, reinforcement, embeds
- Follow section arrows for cut locations
Test: “2/S5.1” means?